Bones (also known as osseous tissue), cartilage, ligaments, and other kinds of connective tissue make up the skeletal system. Together these parts provide leverage, serve as protection for inner organs, support for movement, produce blood cells, and store minerals and lipids. Bones themselves can serve as either to purely support muscle or give force for muscle contraction. With joints as fulcrums, and bones as levers a muscle is moved by the fulcrum forcing the bone to move. Phosphorous, and calcium are held in the bone matrix which acts as a reservoir for minerals. In the reservoir these ions can be sent back into the bloodstream to support bodily functions such as muscle contraction, and nerve impulse. There is red and yellow marrow. They respectively hold fat and serve as sites for blood cell production.
appendicular skeleton: Portion of the skeleton of vertebrates consisting of the bones or cartilage that support the appendages.
axial skeleton: part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate.
Cartilage: firm, whitish, flexible connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints.
Collagen: most abundant protein in the human body and is the substance that holds the whole body together.
Distal: situated away from the center of the body or from the point of attachment.
fontanels: a space between the bones of the skull in an infant or fetus, where ossification is not complete and the sutures not fully formed.
Haversian canals: tubes that form a network in bone and contain blood vessels.
hematopoiesis: process of creating new blood cells in the body
inferior: low or lower in position.
inorganic salts: hydroxyapatite and some calcium carbonate, and collagen fibers.
lateral: situated on one side or other of the body or of an organ, especially in the region furthest from the median plane.
medial: situated near the median plane of the body or the midline of an organ.
periosteum: a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.
posterior: further back in position; of or nearer the rear or hind end, especially of the body or a part of it.
Proximal: situated nearer to the center of the body or the point of attachment.
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